Women, Children, Survivors, and Resistance

Gendered violence

Women and girls faced sexual violence, abduction, coerced marriage, and forced religious conversion. Many children were separated from their families or placed in households and institutions under new identities.

Survival

Survivors escaped through a variety of routes, sometimes with help from neighbors, diplomats, missionaries, or relief workers. Other people survived by hiding, changing identity, or reaching territories outside Ottoman control.

Resistance

Armenians resisted in several places, including the defense of Van in 1915 and the resistance at Musa Dagh. These episodes reflected local efforts to survive amid the broader campaign against civilians.

After the war

Orphans, widows, and displaced families faced years of uncertainty. Relief agencies and Armenian organizations established orphanages, schools, and support networks to assist survivors and preserve community ties.